pickle模块(有兼容性问题，了解就行)

import pickle

res = pickle.dumps({1,2,3,4,5})
print(res)
# b'\x80\x04\x95\x0f\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x8f\x94(K\x01K\x02K\x03K\x04K\x05\x90.'

res = pickle.loads(res)
print(res)
# {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

# coding:utf-8
import pickle

with open('a.pkl',mode='wb') as f:
    # 一：在python3中执行的序列化操作如何兼容python2
    # python2不支持protocol>2，默认python3中protocol=4
    # 所以在python3中dump操作应该指定protocol=2
    pickle.dump('你好啊',f,protocol=2)

with open('a.pkl', mode='rb') as f:
    # 二：python2中反序列化才能正常使用
    res=pickle.load(f)
    print(res)